Annual rent as a % of purchase price — the starting point for any deal.

Yield after deducting operating costs — more realistic than gross.

NOI as a % of value — core valuation metric for commercial property.

Back into a value when you know the NOI and market cap rate.

Annual pre-tax cash flow as a % of actual cash invested — true return on equity deployed.

Total gain on an investment relative to its cost — useful for resale analysis.

Normalise rent to compare properties of different sizes.

What the rent will be at end of term after annual compound escalation.

True cost to landlord when rent-free incentives are factored in.

Headline figure for a lease — useful for commission calculations.

Year-by-year rent table for a multi-year lease with fixed escalation.

Convert gross rent to net rent by stripping out recoveries (rates, levies, etc.).

Ratio of total floor area to site area — key planning metric.

% of site covered by the building footprint.

% of space currently vacant — important for portfolio reporting.

Tenant's occupancy cost as a % of turnover — common in retail leases.

Derive GLA from GBA using a typical efficiency factor (office ~75–85%, industrial ~90%+).

Bays per 100 m² GLA — standard benchmark for office/retail leasing.

Loan amount as a % of property value — affects financing risk.

NOI vs annual debt payments — lenders want this above 1.25×.

Estimate bond instalment at a given interest rate and term.

Minimum occupancy needed to cover all costs — key risk metric.

Monthly interest cost on an interest-only facility — common in commercial bridging finance.

How much cash deposit is needed at a given LTV.

Usable stacking height — critical for logistics & warehousing tenants.

% of site that is paved yard — essential for logistics operations.

kVA available per m² — heavy industrial tenants often need 40+ VA/m².

Minimum yard depth needed for a rigid or articulated truck.

Verify if floor slab can handle stacked load (kN/m²).

Number of loading docks per 1 000 m² GLA — logistics operational benchmark.

Agent commission on a property sale at a set rate.

Tiered company rate: 5% on years 1–2, 2.5% on years 3–5, 1.5% on years 6–8, 1% thereafter (applied to annual gross rental each year). Leases under 2 years earn one month's rental as commission.

Enter the annual gross rental for each year directly if escalation isn't a simple compound rate.

How commission divides between listing and selling agents.

What the seller actually receives after commission and estimated costs.

Government transfer duty on property purchased from a non-VAT vendor. Zero-rated below R1 100 000.

Rough estimate of attorney transfer fees + Deeds Office levy (guideline rates, confirm with attorney).

Estimated bond attorney fees + Deeds Office levy for bond registration.

VAT at 15% applies to commercial property sold by a VAT vendor instead of transfer duty.

Estimated CGT for an individual seller — 40% inclusion, 18% effective max. Not tax advice.

Project NOI over a hold period, apply a terminal cap rate, then discount everything back at your required return. Classic institutional valuation tool.

Internal Rate of Return — the discount rate at which NPV = 0. Solved iteratively. Enter purchase price plus projected NOI and sale proceeds.

The yield a property will produce once the current lease rolls to estimated market rent (ERV). Crucial for valuing below-market leases.

How far the current passing rent sits below (or above) the estimated market rent — the rental reversion story in one number.

Back-calculate the maximum price to offer given a known NOI and your required yield — essential for offer preparation.

Combines purchase price, transfer duty, conveyancing fees, bond registration and any other costs into a single all-in figure — the true capital outlay.

Normalise sale prices to compare properties of different sizes — the capital equivalent of rent per m².

See how bond repayments change across a range of interest rates — vital in a volatile rate environment.

Average unexpired lease term weighted by income — key portfolio risk metric for multi-tenanted buildings. Add up to 8 tenants.

How many months of rent to recover a tenant installation / fitout contribution from the landlord.

Rand value of the concession given — useful for comparing incentive packages across competing leases.

Side-by-side comparison of where rent lands under CPI-linked vs fixed escalation over the lease term.

Convert between square metres and square feet — useful when dealing with offshore investors or older imperial plans.

Site areas and agricultural land are often quoted in hectares — convert instantly to m² for FAR and coverage calculations.

Convert between real power (kW) and apparent power (kVA) using a power factor. Eskom supplies in kVA; tenants often specify needs in kW.

Convert eave heights and building dimensions between metres and feet — older industrial plans are commonly in imperial.

Estimate when a rooftop solar installation breaks even — increasingly requested by tenants and landlords post load-shedding era.

Estimate the kVA generator capacity needed for a building based on floor area and usage type — essential for tenant due diligence.

Verify sprinkler head density against SANS 10287 benchmarks — fire compliance is a deal-breaker in logistics and warehousing.